The Journal of Phytopharmacology, 2021;10(5):366-373 ; DOI:10.31254/phyto.2021.10515
Kalanchoe pinnata aqueous extract possesses vasorelaxant activities contributing to its antihypertensive effects in a model of rat-induced hypertension and myocardial infarction
Esther Ngo Lemba Tom1 , Orelien Sylvain Mtopi Bopda2,3 , Mbigah Pascal Monju2 , Yannick Fouda Bekono4 , Justin Rodrigue Billong Mimb1 , Danielle Claude Bilanda4 , Théophile Dimo4
1. Department of Biological Sciences, Ecole Normal de Yaoundé, University of Yaoundé I
2. Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea
3. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea
4. Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 25th August, 2021 / Accepted: 15th September, 2021
Background and aim: Kalanchoe pinnata is an herbal medicine used in Cameroon against cardiovascular diseases. Hypertension and myocardial infarction are among key risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. This research aimed to investigate antihypertensive effect of Kalanchoe pinnata in salt loaded myocardial infarcted rats and possible mechanism of action on vascular smooth muscle. Experimental procedure: Thirty rats were equally distributed into six groups: neutral, negative and positive controls and three test groups (administered extract 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg). Hypertension was induced by salt loading (18%) meanwhile myocardial infarction was by injection of 100mg/kg isoproterenol. The 28 day-In vivo treatment was followed by evaluation of systolic and diastolic arterial pressures, and troponin level. Ten untreated rats were used for the in vitro study, to investigate vasorelaxant mechanism. Results and conclusion: Treated rats showed significant increase of systolic (46.3%) and diastolic (73.5%) pressures. Troponine level increased by 400%. Extract at highest dose (150mg/kg) reduced these increases by 29.1%, 41.3% and 52% respectively. Extract (1.5mg/mL) caused a vasorelaxation (62.79%) in the presence of endothelium. Endothelium removal did not significantly modify the effect of the extract in KCl pre-contracted rings. In the same way, in rings pre-contracted with phenylephrine, the extract (1.5mg/mL) did not significantly modify the relaxation induced by sodium nitroprusside. However, methylene blue, a NO-cGMP inhibitor significantly reduced (P
Kalanchoe pinnata, Antihypertensive effects, Rat-induced hypertension, Myocardial infarction.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Tom ENL, Bopda OSM, Monju MP, Bekono YF, Mimb JRB, Bilanda DC, Dimo T. Kalanchoe pinnata aqueous extract possesses vasorelaxant activities contributing to its antihypertensive effects in a model of ratinduced hypertension and myocardial infarction. J Phytopharmacol 2021; 10(5):366-373. doi: 10.31254/phyto.2021.10515
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