The Journal of Phytopharmacology, 2021;10(3):185-191 DOI:10.31254/phyto.2021.10307

Research Article

Microwave assisted extraction of antiplasmodial and antioxidant limonoids from Trichilia roka (chiov)

Olga Nana¹ , Jean Momeni¹ , Fabrice Fekam Boyom² , Martin Benoît Ngassoum³

Olga Nana,Jean Momeni,Fabrice Fekam Boyom,Martin Benoît Ngassoum

1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P.O.Box 454 Ngaoundere, Cameroon.
2. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, P.O.Box 812 Yaoundé I, Cameroon.
3. National Advanced School of AgroIndustrial Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, P.O. Box 455 Ngaoundere Cameroon.

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 2nd April, 2021 / Accepted: 30th April, 2021

Abstract

Trichilia roka (Chiov) is a medicinal plant from Meliaceae family. It is recognized in traditional medicine for its innumerable therapeutic properties. Limonoids, the main constituents of the root bark of this plant, is known for its antioxidant and antiplasmodial activities. To obtain an improved yield of these bioactive compounds from T. roka and reduce extraction time, solvent and energy required, it is of utmost importance to adopt innovative approaches such as microwave-assisted extraction. Microwave was attempted, as compared with the conventional mechanical agitation method to extract bioactive limonoids and quantify them through colorimetric quantification method using 4(dimethyl amino) benzaldehyde (DMAB). The antiplasmodial activity was evaluated against the intraerythrocytic stages of cultured Plasmodium falciparum using a phenotypic approach, and the antioxidant property was evaluated in vitro using DPPH radical-scavenging and ?-carotene-linoleate model systems respectively. Three limonoids and were isolated from Trichilia roka (Chiov) root bark labelled RA, RO and RY. The microwave extraction yields were 115.895 mgRUBE/gDW for limonoids. The isolated compounds exhibited good antioxidant activities than crude extracts with IC50 values of 2.59 10-3 , 2.26 10-3 and 1.79 10-3 mg/mL respectively compared to crude extract IC50 values of 2. 10-2 mg/mL. The in vivo antiplasmodial test of the hydromethanolic microwave extracts showed during the five treatment days the decreasing of the parasitaemia for doses 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg with inhibition percentages of 82.75, 84.84 and 87.8 respectively.