The Journal of Phytopharmacology 2026; 15(3):168-173 ;   DOI:10.31254/phyto.2026.15309

Review Article

Ethnoveterinary practices in poultry production: As an alternative to curb antimicrobial resistance

Swati Koli¹ , Gayatri Dewangan¹ , Ravindra S. Tayde² , Gaya P. Jatav³ , Shweta Rajoriya⁴ , Rajeev Ranjan¹

Swati Koli,Gayatri Dewangan,Ravindra S. Tayde,Gaya P. Jatav,Shweta Rajoriya,Rajeev Ranjan

1. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University (NDVSU), Jabalpur- 482004, Madhya Pradesh, India
2. Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University (NDVSU), Jabalpur- 482004, Madhya Pradesh, India
3. Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University (NDVSU), Jabalpur- 482004, Madhya Pradesh, India
4. Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University (NDVSU), Jabalpur- 482004, Madhya Pradesh, India

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 14th February, 2026 / Accepted: 8th June, 2026 / Published : 6th July, 2026

Abstract

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The poultry industry has transitioned rapidly from a backyard hobby to a significant commercial agricultural sector, serving as a critical source of protein and minerals for the human diet. However, this intensification has led to a rise in infectious diseases, which not only reduce productivity but also pose public health risks through zoonotic transmission and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The widespread and sometimes careless use of conventional antibiotics has fueled a global AMR crisis, necessitating the search for safer, sustainable alternatives. This review explores the role of ethnoveterinary medicine (EVM)-incorporating local customs, traditional knowledge, and medicinal plants-as a viable strategy for poultry health management. Plant-derived feed additives, or phytobiotics, contain bioactive constituents like alkaloids, tannins, and flavonoids that provide antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-stimulatory benefits. Various plants such as Aloe vera, Moringa oleifera, and Zingiber officinale are highlighted for their effectiveness as growth promoters, improving feed conversion ratios and meat quality. Furthermore, the review details specific botanical interventions for major poultry ailments. For instance, Newcastle disease and Fowl pox are managed using extracts from Allium sativum, Azadirachta indica, and Strychnos cocculoides. The global challenge of coccidiosis is addressed through plants like Carica papaya and Camellia sinensis, which contain compounds capable of lysing oocysts and reducing intestinal lesions. The paper also examines plant-based solutions for anthelmintic, antifungal, and ectoparasite control, offering a comprehensive toolkit for organic disease management. Despite these advantages, the implementation of EVM faces limitations, including the seasonal availability of plants, lack of standardized dosages, and a need for further scientific validation of traditional practices. The review concludes that integrating validated ethnoveterinary practices into poultry production is essential for mitigating AMR, reducing chemical residues in food, and ensuring an economical, sustainable, and safe supply of poultry products. Future research must focus on the clinical interpretation and standardization of these traditional remedies to enhance global food security.

Keywords

Ethnoveterinary medicine (EVM), Poultry production, Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), Phytobiotics, Medicinal plants, Poultry diseases.

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