The Journal of Phytopharmacology, 2021;10(5):421-428 DOI:10.31254/phyto.2021.10523

Review Article

An overview of plant secondary metabolites, their biochemistry and generic applications

Esha Rami¹ , Akansha Singh² , Shaikh Favzulazim³

Esha Rami,Akansha Singh,Shaikh Favzulazim

1. Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
2. Department of Genetics and plant breeding, Institute of Agricultural Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P, India
3. Department of Biochemistry, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 25th August, 2021 / Accepted: 7th October, 2021

Abstract

Plants are a source of a large number of secondary metabolites. Secondary metabolites are associated with exclusive subordinate functions ranging from defense to adaptive behavior. Their absence does not necessarily hamper the growth of the organism. However, they enhance their chances of survival against environmental stress. Many plant secondary metabolites are unique sources of active pharmaceutical compounds, flavours, anti-oxidant supplements, cosmetic products, anti-cancer agents, and food additives. This has resulted in great interest in large-scale production and enhanced extensive researches for commercially valuable plant secondary metabolites. Many plant-based drugs are available in the market such as Vinblastine, Tubocurarine, Reserpine, Paclitaxel and Asiaticoside. The article classifies various secondary metabolites on their discrete chemical structure and biological synthesis pathway. It further elaborates on their biological roles and explores their close association with primary metabolites. Additionally, this article further provides an insight into the biochemistry of various prominent secondary metabolites.