The Journal of Phytopharmacology, 2019;8(4):192-198 ; DOI:10.31254/phyto.2019.8408
Biochemical and toxicological implications of ethylacetate fraction of the methanolic extract of Plumbago zeylanica (Linn) root
Gabriel O Ajayi1,2 , Oladipo Ademuyiwa2 , Joseph A Olagunju1 , Francis A Faduyile3
1. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja-Lagos, Nigeria
2. Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
3. Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja-Lagos, Nigeria
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 14th July, 2019 / Accepted: 17th August, 2019
Plumbago zeylanica, Linn. is an important plant with numerous medicinal values. This study was aimed to evaluate the biochemical and toxicological effects of the administration of the ethylacetate fraction of the methanolic extract of Plumbago zeylnica root (EAME). In sub-chronic study, extract doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight were administered orally in rats for 28 days. Biochemical and histological evaluations were carried out on the rats. At the highest dose of EAME, organ-body weight ratio increased by 170% in the liver, spleen by 85%, but reduced in kidney by 62%, lung 17% and heart 7%. In the plasma, administration of EAME at the highest dose increased the concentrations of protein by 11%, albumin 32%, glucose 153%, direct bilirubin 151%, total bilirubin 656%, creatinine 35% and uric acid 29%. Activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and gammaglutamyltansferase were also increased by 6%, 39%, 76% and 46% respectively. The concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol were not significantly different (p>0.05) compared with the control. EAME induced histopathological alterations in the cellular architecture of the liver and lungs. Mild congestion in sinusoids and bile duct proliferation were observed in the liver, while the lung showed necrosis, oedema and haemorrhage. The alterations were more prominent in the lung of rats treated with 200 and 400 mg/kg b.wt. doses. No histopathological alteration was observed in the kidney. These findings indicate that EAME of P. zeylanica root contains bioactive compounds which are toxic to the organism but the action was organ specific.
Plumbago zeylanica, Biochemical, Toxicological, Histopathological parameters.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Ajayi GO, Ademuyiwa O, Olagunju JA, Faduyile FA. Biochemical and toxicological implications of ethylacetate fraction of the methanolic extract of Plumbago zeylanica (Linn) root. J Phytopharmacol 2019; 8(4):192-198.
Creative Commons (CC) License-
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Copyright
Copyright © 2019 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0.