The Journal of Phytopharmacology, 2022;11(2):118-124 ; DOI:10.31254/phyto.2022.11212
Attenuation of Oxidative Stress and Cognitive Impairment in Cadmium Chloride-Exposed Wistar Rats Pre-treated with Ethanolic Turmeric Root Extract
Adaze Bijou Enogieru1 , Gabriel Osemudiamen Inegbedion1
1. Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Edo State, Nigeria
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 26th February, 2022 / Accepted: 18th March, 2022
Background: Turmeric (Curcuma longa), belonging to the Zingiberaceae family, is a widely used spice in cuisines of African, Asian and other countries globally. Despite the enormous pharmacological benefits of turmeric, there is very little experimental evidence to demonstrate its protective activity against cadmium-induced neurotoxicity. Accordingly, this study is aimed at investigating such activity in Wistar rats and its possible mechanisms of action. Methods: Y-maze and Novel object recognition tests were utilized to evaluate memory impairments while antioxidants activity and lipid peroxidation were evaluated to outline the antioxidant mechanism of action following pre-treatment of rats with ethanolic turmeric root extract (200 mg/kg body weight) 1 hour before cadmium administration for 21 consecutive days. In addition, the histology of the cerebrum and hippocampus was investigated to determine possible anatomical alterations across experimental groups. Results: The ethanolic extract of turmeric root at the dose of 200 mg/kg significantly improved the memory of rats and protected against the impairments induced by cadmium. In addition, the extract significantly increased cerebral and hippocampal antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, GPx and CAT), decreased lipid peroxidation (MDA) and protected against the degenerative changes observed in the cerebrum and hippocampus of rats treated with cadmium alone. Conclusion: Taken together, these findings suggest that the ethanolic extract of turmeric root protected against the cognitive impairments induced by cadmium possibly through the attenuation of the oxidative damaging activity of cadmium.
Turmeric, Cadmium, Antioxidant, Memory, Oxidative Damage.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Enogieru AB, Inegbedion GO. Attenuation of Oxidative Stress and Cognitive Impairment in Cadmium Chloride-Exposed Wistar Rats Pre-treated with Ethanolic Turmeric Root Extract. J Phytopharmacol 2022; 11(2):118-124. doi: 10.31254/phyto.2022.11212
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