The Journal of Phytopharmacology, 2021;10(5):350-356 ; DOI:10.31254/phyto.2021.10512
Acute and Sub-acute toxicity of the aqueous leaf extract of Lantana trifolia (Verbenaceae) in experimental rodents
Ronny Ivayo Musinya1 , James Mucunu Mbaria1 , Isaac M Ole-Mapenay1
1. Department of Public Health, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, University of Nairobi, PO Box 30197, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 31st July, 2021 / Accepted: 11th September, 2021
Lantana trifolia, a plant of the Verbenaceae family, is traditionally used to treat several diseases; however, empirical data to validate its toxicity profile and safety is lacking. Thus, this study investigated the qualitative phytochemical composition, acute and sub-acute toxicity of the aqueous leaf extract of L. trifolia to validate its ethnomedicinal usage. Methods: Qualitative phytochemical analysis of the studied plant extract was performed based on standard procedures to appraise its pharmacological value. Acute oral toxicity of the study extract was investigated at dose levels of 300 mg/Kg BW and 2000 mg/Kg BW according to guideline 423 described by the Organization for Economic Co-operation (OECD) for 14 days. Sub-acute oral toxicity of the studied plant extract was investigated at three dose levels (250 mg/Kg BW, 500 mg/Kg BW, and 1000 mg/Kg BW) in Swiss albino mice based on the OECD guideline number 407 for 28 days, after which haematological, biochemical, and histological traits were determined. Results: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, phenolics, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and reducing sugars. In an acute oral toxicity study, the aqueous leaf extract of L. trifolia demonstrated a median lethal dose (LD50) of >2000 mg/Kg BW, depicting its safety. Following sub-acute oral toxicity, the urea levels in female mice which received 1000 mg/Kg BW of the aqueous leaf extract to L. trifolia were significantly elevated compared to those of the control group mice (P
Lantana trifolia; Acute oral toxicity; Sub-acute oral toxicity; Haematological, Biochemical, and histological traits.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Musinya RI, Mbaria JM, Ole-Mapenay IM. Acute and Sub-acute toxicity of the aqueous leaf extract of Lantana trifolia (Verbenaceae) in experimental rodents. J Phytopharmacol 2021; 10(5):350-356. doi: 10.31254/phyto.2021.10512
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