The Journal of Phytopharmacology, 2020;9(1):5-11 DOI:10.31254/phyto.2020.9102

Research Article

Antihypertensive effect of Dialium guineense Wild. and Trema orientalis L. in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats

Adédoyin A Rafatou Adjileye¹ , Abdou Madjid O Amoussa¹ , Rafiou Adamou¹ , Bonaventure Awede² , Ambaliou Sanni¹ , Anatole Laleye³ , Latifou Lagnika¹

Adédoyin A Rafatou Adjileye,Abdou Madjid O Amoussa,Rafiou Adamou,Bonaventure Awede,Ambaliou Sanni,Anatole Laleye,Latifou Lagnika

1. Laboratory of Biochemistry and Bioactives Natural Products, Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin
2. Unit of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
3. Unit of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of AbomeyCalavi, Cotonou, Bénin

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 10th January, 2020 / Accepted: 8th February, 2020

Abstract

Dialium guineense (Caesalpiniaceae) and Trema orientalis (Celtidaceae) are traditionally used to treat and manage many diseases such as hypertension, headache and diabetes. Despite their recognized efficacy in traditional medicine, their antihypertensive properties are not yet effective. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the antihypertensive effect of ethanolic extracts of Dialium guineense and Trema orientalis on L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. The systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure were recorded using CODA™ non-invasive blood pressure system. The phenolic compounds were also quantified using High Pressure Liquid Chromatography. Ethanolic extracts of both plants induced significant decrease of mean arterial pressure. At 500 mg/kg bw, both plants decreased mean arterial pressure from 126.4 ± 0.48 to 90.6 ± 3.12 mmHg and from 154.8 ± 7.84 to 103 ± 5.6 mmHg respectively for Dialium guineense and Trema orientalis. Losartan and Captopril, used as standard drugs at 100 mg/kg body weight, also significantly decrease blood pressure. Trema orientalis was the most active with a blood pressure reduction percentage of 33.46 ± 3.06 % comparable to Losartan (31.37 ± 3.13 %) and Captopril (31.76 ± 2.63 %). The probable bioctives compound identified were chlorogenic, gallic, caffeic, ellargic, tannic acids, and luteolin, isorhamnetin and chrysin.