The Journal of Phytopharmacology, 2019;8(4):203-209 DOI:10.31254/phyto.2019.8410

Research Article

Phytochemical composition and cardioprotective activities of the total aqueous extract of Phyllanthus muellerianus leaves in diabetic rats

Rabé Marcellin Gnaléi¹ , Calixte Bahi¹ , Prisca Angèle Gui¹ , Wawa Justine Tiekpa² , Adama Coulibaly^1,2

Rabé Marcellin Gnaléi,Calixte Bahi,Prisca Angèle Gui,Wawa Justine Tiekpa,Adama Coulibaly

1. Laboratory of PharmacodynamicsBiochemistry UFR Biosciences, Felix HOUPHOUET-BOIGNY University in Abidjan-Cocody, P. O. Box 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire
2. Laboratory of Biotechnology and Valorization of Agroressourses UFR Biological Sciences, University Péléforo GON COULIBALY in Korhogo, P. O. Box 1238, Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 19th July, 2019 / Accepted: 15th August, 2019

Abstract

The objective of this work is to study the phytochemical composition and cardioprotective activities of the total aqueous extract of Phyllanthus muellerianus in diabetic rats. The different chemical groups in the total aqueous extract were evaluated by methods described by Trease and Evans. The cardioprotective activities of total aqueous Phyllanthus muellerianus were evaluated in Wistar rats during streptozotocin induced experimental diabetes at a dose of 10 mg / kg bw for 21 days. Glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol and HDL-Cholesterol were evaluated after treatment of rats with total aqueous extract Phyllanthus muellerianus and Glucidoral, the standard antidiabetic agent. The results obtained showed that the total aqueous extract of Phyllanthus muellerianus was very rich in polyphenols, rich in alkaloids and terpenes and moderately rich in flavonoids and quinones did not contain the tannins and saponosides. Blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-Cholesterol decreased significantly in diabetic rats treated with Phyllanthus muellerianus and Glucidoral®. The concentration of HDL-Cholesterol increased significantly and was then normalized by the total aqueous extract of Phyllanthus muellerianus. Treatment with the same extract normalized blood sugar, triglyceride levels and total cholesterol. The total aqueous extract of Phyllanthus muellerianus, by lowering triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-Cholesterol concentrations, and increasing concentration of HDL-Cholesterol in diabetic rats, could play a cardioprotective role and justify its use in traditional medicine in the treatment of heart diseases.