The Journal of Phytopharmacology, 2021;10(3):166-172 DOI:10.31254/phyto.2021.10304

Research Article

Aqueous extract of Pterocarpus santalinoides DC stem bark prevents L-NAME-induced hypertension in rat

Chinte Yamjom Ramatou¹ , Ngo Lemba Thom Esther² , Florence Tsofack Ngueguim¹ , Yannick Bekono Fouda¹ , Gounoue Kamkumo Raceline¹ , Théophile Dimo¹

Chinte Yamjom Ramatou,Ngo Lemba Thom Esther,Florence Tsofack Ngueguim,Yannick Bekono Fouda,Gounoue Kamkumo Raceline,Théophile Dimo

1. Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
2. Department of Biological Sciences, Higher Teachers’ Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 20th February, 2021 / Accepted: 1st April, 2021

Abstract

Background: Pterocarpus santalinoides stem bark is commonly used in Cameroonian medicine to treat many diseases including hypertension. Thus, this study was aimed to evaluate preventive effects of aqueous extract of Pterocarpus santalinoides (AEPS) stem bark on NG-Nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (LNAME)-induced hypertension in rat. Methods: Normotensive rats received L-NAME (25 mg/kg intraperitoneally) concomitantly with AEPS (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) or captopril (20 mg/kg) orally during 3 weeks. At the end of experimental period, arterial pressure and heart rate were recorded by invasive method. After sacrifice, blood, aorta and heart were harvested for biochemical analysis on homogenate. Results: Intraperitoneal injection of L-NAME induced in rat a significant increase (p < 0.001; p < 0.01; p < 0.05) of blood pressure, heart rate, malondialdehyde, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, hepatic and renal markers functions. L-NAME also decreased significantly (p < 0.001; p < 0.01; p < 0.05) the levels of HDL-cholesterol, nitrites, glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities as compared to control rats. The AEPS prevented significantly the increase (p < 0.001) of hemodynamic parameters induced by L-NAME and various modifications of biochemical parameters (lipid profile, hepatic and renal markers functions) and oxidative stress markers evaluated. Conclusion: This study shows that the aqueous extract of Pterocarpus santalinoides prevents hypertension, dyslipidemia and oxidative stress induced by L-NAME in rat by attenuating endothelial dysfunction, liver and kidney’s damages.