The Journal of Phytopharmacology, 2022;11(4):260-267 DOI:10.31254/phyto.2022.11406

Research Article

Anti-inflammatory and Cytokines Modulatory Activities of Spondias mombin Linn. (Anacardiaceous) in Wound Healing: Roles of IL6

Esther Oluwatoyin Agbaje¹ , Omiyale Olumakinde Charles¹

Esther Oluwatoyin Agbaje,Omiyale Olumakinde Charles

1. Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics. Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences. College of medicine. University of Lagos. Nigeria

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 1st May, 2022 / Accepted: 8th June, 2022

Abstract

Health problems relating to wound healing remain a significant issue in health management. Various formulations of Spondias mombin Linn. (Anacardiaceous) serves potent roles in ethnomedicine. To explore the counter-inflammatory and cytokines modulatory roles together with the antioxidant andwound healing properties of Spondias mombin Linn. (Anacardiaceous) leaves essential oil (SMEO) onexcised wounds. Spondias mombin Linn. (Anacardiaceous) leaves essential oil was isolated through hydro distillationessential in Clevenger type apparatus (Borosil, India). Then thirty-eight healthy adult male albino rats (250 ± 20g) were grouped randomly into (n=6); Group 1- 50µL 1% SMEO, Group 2- 0.1% DMSO and Tween 20 (Control), Group 3- Dermazin® ointment, Group 4-untreated, Group 5-50µL 10% SMEO, Group 6- 50µL 15% SMEO, with two unwounded samples, were treated for 14 days. Tissues of two ratswas harvested per group on the 3rd, 10th and 14th days after excision, wounded areas were excised for RT-qPCR cytokines analysis and gene [removed]Light Cycler, Mannheim, Germany) (IL 6, IL1?,TNF?). The SMEO of (25–100 µg/ml) was passed through Total antioxidant/flavonoid/phenolphytochemical estimation assays. The assays showed high presence of flavonoids/phenols. The 10% and 15% essential oil healing progression showed efficiency over the standard. Cytokine analysis/gene expression revealed asignificant reduction in IL6 levels, a key regulator of other pro-inflammatory cytokines and reparative process, after the 3rd, 7th and 14th day. The extracted Spondias mombin Linn. essential oil showed stimulation of an anti-inflammatory effectthrough a significant reduction of IL-6 levels as compared to the vehicle and standard treatment on the 3rd, 10th through to the 14th day of the treatment course, neo-vascularization, tissue regeneration phaseand overall improved wound healing better than the standard.