The Journal of Phytopharmacology 2024; 13(4):275-279 DOI:10.31254/phyto.2024.13401

Research Article

Sub-acute dermal toxicity of Jatropha curcas Linn. leaf extract coated silver nanoparticles (SNPs) in wistar rats

GC Dhaije¹ , SR Rajurkar² , Nitin D Jadhav³ , AR Pawar¹ , BW Narladkar⁴ , GM Chigure⁵ , MD Jadhav⁶ , PR Rathod⁷ , Anil Kumar Sharma⁸

GC Dhaije,SR Rajurkar,Nitin D Jadhav,AR Pawar,BW Narladkar,GM Chigure,MD Jadhav,PR Rathod,Anil Kumar Sharma

1. M.V.Sc., Student, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Parbhani, MAFSU, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
2. Ph.D., Professor, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Parbhani, MAFSU, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
3. Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Parbhani, MAFSU, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
4. Ph.D., Professor, Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Parbhani, MAFSU, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
5. Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Parbhani, MAFSU, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
6. Department of Microbiology, Siddhart Arts, Commerce and Science College, Jafrabad, Dr. BAMU, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
7. Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Parbhani, MAFSU, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
8. Ph.D., Assistant Professor, School of Agriculture, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun-248007, Uttarakhand, India

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 27th June, 2024 / Accepted: 9th August, 2024 / Published : 31st August, 2024

Abstract

The application of different nanoparticles is underway in the development of phyto-medicines. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are commonly used as coating agents to treat various bacterial and viral diseases. Their safety and potential toxicity necessitate further research to explore the development of nanoparticles coated herbal drugs. The Azadirachta indica (neem) 5% leaf extract and silver nitrate was used to prepare the silver nanoparticles (SNPs) with the biological reduction (green synthesis) method ^[1]. The application of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) coated with J. carcus leaf extract (JcLE) on Wistar rats showed no adverse sign of toxicity on hematological parameters except an increase in the neutrophil count and increased in total erythrocyte count (TEC) on 28th day. Similarly, serum biochemical values exhibited an increase in aspartate aminotransferase (AST/SGOT) and alanine transaminase (ALT/SGPT) with JcLE-coated SNPs in treated groups. The histopathology revealed that there was no alteration in skin architecture, however, minimal alteration was observed in the liver and kidney with dilatation of the central vein and sinusoidal space, fatty change in the liver, multifocal necrobiotic changes, cystic degeneration and mild focal glomerular atrophy and hyaline cast in the lumen of tubules of kidney. It indicates the proper absorption and excretion of SNPs from the body. There was no significant effect on hematological parameters in the rats treated with J. curcas leaf extract-coated SNP. However, the serum biochemical analysis revealed a toxic effect on the kidney.